摘 要：针对城市客车轻量化需求，本文以8.5m短后悬长轴距城市客车为研究对象，提出一种基于玻璃厚度优化的侧窗轻量化设计方案。通过有限元方法，对比分析了传统5mm厚的钢化玻璃与减薄方案（4mm、3.2mm）在静力学强度、动力学谐响应及模态特性等方面的性能差异。研究结果表明：在满足安全标准的前提下，3.2mm玻璃方案可实现36%的减重，静载最大应力为23.5 MPa，动态谐响应位移幅值仅增加0.01mm，且通过实物冲击试验验证。该设计可为同类客车降低能耗提供参考。
关键词：新能源城市客车；轻量化；有限元分析；钢化玻璃
中图分类号：U463.83+5 文献标志码：A DOI：10.15917/j.cnki.1006-3331.2025.04.012
Lightweight Design and Analysis of 8.5m Short-rear-overhang Long-wheelbase City Bus Glass
YANG Hao
Abstract: Addressing the demand for lightweight city buses,this paper takes an 8.5m short-rear-overhang long-wheelbase city bus as the research object.It proposes a lightweight side window design scheme based on glass thickness optimization.Using the finite element method,the static strength,dynamic harmonic response,and modal characteristics of traditional 5 mm toughened glass are compared with those of thinner alternatives(4 mm and 3.2mm).The results demonstrate that the 3.2mm glass scheme meets the safety standard while achieving a 36%weight reduction.Under maximum static load,the stress is 23.5 MPa,and the dynamic harmonic response displacement amplitude increases by only 0.01mm.Physical impact tests have verified these findings.This design scheme provides a valuable reference for similar buses to reduce energy consumption.
Key words: new energy city bus; lightweight; finite element analysis; tempered glass
