摘 要：本文通过垂直方向振动试验评估人-椅系统的动态性能，并分析SAE J826假人在振动传递特性上与人体受试者的差异。试验采用坐姿人体作为测试对象，测量从座椅地板到人体接触界面的振动传递率以表征系统响应特征；同时引入刚性质量的SAE J826假人进行对比试验，通过比较两者的传递率揭示动态行为的异同。研究发现：人-椅耦合系统的非线性导致系统的共振频率以及对应的传递率随着激励的增大而显著降低；而人体与假人在振动响应上的差异主要源于生物组织的柔性结构与刚性质量在动力学行为上的本质区别。
关键词：振动特性；假人；非线性；座椅试验；座椅传递率
中图分类号：U463.83+6 文献标志码：A DOI：10.15917/j.cnki.1006-3331.2025.05.009
Analysis and Experimental Study on Human Ride Vibration Characteristic
CHEN Liangsong,NIU Xiyuan
Abstract: This paper evaluates the dynamic performance of the seat-occupant coupling system through vertical vibration testing and analyzes differences in vibration transmission characteristics between the SAE J826manikin and human participants.The experiment uses seated humans as test subjects,measuring vibration transmissibility from the seat floor to the occupant contact interface to characterize the system dynamic response.Comparative testing is conducted using a rigid-mass SAE J826 manikin.By analyzing transmissibiity data between the two systems,differences and similarities in their dynamic behaviors are identified.The findings reveal that the nonlinear characteristics of the human/manikin-seat coupling system cause both the resonance frequency and corresponding transmissibility peak to decrease significantly as excitation increases.The disparity in vibration responses between humans and the SAE J826 manikin stems from their intrinsic dynamic behavioral differences:biological tissues exhibit compliant properties,whereas the manikin demonstrates rigid-mass dynamics.
Key words: vibration characteristic; manikin; nonlinear; seat test; sea transmissibility
