摘 要：为解决某客车顶盖蒙皮开裂问题，本文提出以8种典型运行工况下车身骨架开口对角线相对位移变化率为评价指标的解决方法。通过初步计算并结合自适应响应面法进行车身骨架结构的优化设计，实现了在未增重的情况下，骨架开口对角线相对位移变化率低于0.2%的目标，且蒙皮未再出现开裂现象。
关键词：蒙皮开裂；车身骨架；开口变形；结构优化
文章编号：1006-3331（2024）05-0046-05 文献标志码：A 中图分类号：U463.83+2
Analysis and Optimization of Bus Skin Cracking Problem Based on Skeleton Opening Deformation
JING Zhenyang,HUANG Libing,HUANG Jiazan
Abstract: To solve the skin cracking problem of a bus top cover, this paper presents a solution that takes the relative displacement change rate of the bus body skeleton opening diagonal as the evaluation index under eight typical operating conditions. The optimal design of the bus body skeleton structure is carried out by preliminary calculation and the combination of the adaptive response surface method. Under the no-gaining weight situation, the relative displacement change rate of the skeleton opening diagonal is less than 0.2%, and the skin does not crack again.
Key words: skin cracking; body skeleton; opening deformation; structure optimization
