摘 要：良好的送风道设计对提升智轨电车客室热舒适性具有重要作用。本文以某型智轨电车的送风道及出风格栅为研究对象，建立三维流动仿真模型，采用计算流体动力学方法对送风道内部流场特性及出风口速度分布进行数值模拟。针对原设计出口风速均匀性不足的问题，结合流场分析结果，提出在送风道内部联通气流通道并增设导流板的优化方案。仿真结果表明，优化后各出风口流速分布显著改善，不均匀性指数降至0.43,送风均匀性有效提升。仿真结果与试验数据对比验证了数值模型的准确性与可靠性，表明数值仿真技术对车辆送风道设计与优化具有良好的指导价值。
关键词：智轨电车；送风道；数值仿真；流场均匀性；风道优化
中图分类号：U463.85+1 文献标志码：A DOI：10.15917/j.cnki.1006-3331.2026.01.008
Research on the Flow Field Uniformity in the Air Supply Duct of Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit Based on Numerical Simulation
LI Junyi, LIU Biao, ZHANG Jianghong, LI Jing, ZHOU Chengming
Abstract: Effective air supply duct design plays a crucial role in improving thermal comfort within the passenger compartment of autonomous rail rapid transit(ART)vehicles.This paper takes the air supply duct and outlet grille of a specific ART vehicle as the research object.It establishes a three-dimensional flow simulation model and uses computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to analyze the internal flow field characteristics and the outlet velocity distribution.To address the insufficient airflow uniformity in the original design,flow field analysis informs an optimized solution.This solution interconnects the internal air passages and integrates guide vanes inside the duct.Simulation results show that the optimized design significantly improves the velocity distribution across all outlets.The non-uniformity index drops to 0.43,which effectively enhances the supply air uniformity.A comparison between the simulation results and experimental data verifies the accuracy and reliability of the numerical model,which demonstrates that numerical simulation technology holds good guiding value for designing and optimizing vehicle air supply ducts.
Key words: autonomous rail rapid transit; supply air duct; numerical simulation; flow field uniformity; air duct optimization
